Note: For a much larger gallery of photos, see our new standalone educational website, Bastian Medical Media for Laryngology.
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Biopsy of epiglottis
Biopsy of lesion involving the petiole (low laryngeal surface of epiglottis). The pathology report revealed squamous cell carcinoma, usually caused by smoking (Lab).
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Cancer, supraglottic
Ulcerative supraglottitis. This form is an atypical, extremely painful, but less fulminant case, possibly viral in origin (Lab).
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Cancer, supraglottic
Cancer involving the supraglottic larynx. The airway (dark area) and vocal fold are partially obscured by out-growing tumor (Lab).
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Capillary ectasia
Vascular prominence (capillary ectasia) (Lab).
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Cricopharyngeus muscle/ Zenker’s diverticulum
Same patient, after treatment with antifungal agent. Note residual haziness (Lab).
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Epidermoid cyst, open
Open epidermoid cyst. Note mottled appearance, white color of cyst contents, bilaterality, and small divot at arrow showing point of leakage but not complete emptying of cyst contents (OR).
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Glottic web
Large glottic web comprising most of the vocal folds, after removal of large smoker’s polyps and surgeon-directed voice rest for 21 days (Lab).
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Intubation injury
Intubation injury at posterior commissure. Note that the posterior portion of each fold has a divot or “cookie bite” where the breathing tube created pressure necrosis (Lab).
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Mucosal bridge of vocal fold
Mucosal bridge, left vocal fold (OR).
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Mucus retention cyst
Left mucus retention cyst with right nodular reaction (OR).
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Mucus retention cyst
Small mucus retention cyst and capillary ectasia, left vocal fold. Note yellowish color and origin from just below free margin, as well as normal right vocal fold (Lab).
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Post-intubation injury
Severe injury from prolonged intubation. There are divots at posterior 1/3 of each vocal fold. Thin dark line demonstrates expected continuation of fold, to accentuate the divot (small black arrow). Subglottic stenosis seen faintly in the receding darkness below the folds (OR).
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Post-intubation synechia
Posterior commissure synechia after prolonged intubation. The posterior part of the vocal folds are tethered together, preventing full opening during breathing (OR).
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Saccular cyst
Left anterior saccular cyst (Lab).
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Tracheal papillomas (RRP)
Papillomas in patient with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) involving subglottis and very high trachea (Lab).
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Tracheal stenosis
Tracheal stenosis seen below the vocal folds in the high trachea. This may be caused rarely by injury from long-term breathing tube, tracheotomy, blunt trauma, or other influences (Lab).
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Vocal nodules
Bilateral moderate-sized nodular swellings. Left larger than right; whitish discoloration left is mucus (Lab).
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Candida (1 of 2)
Candida infection of the vocal folds, often caused by inhalation of aerosolized steroid for asthma. Usually seen with higher strengths of medication and frequent dosing; also more likely if antibiotics used at same time (Lab). This can look like mucus accumulation, but does not move or clear away even with aggressive throat-clearing.
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Candida (2 of 2)
Same patient, after treatment with antifungal agent. Note residual haziness (Lab).
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Contact granuloma (1 of 2)
Same patient, after treatment with antifungal agent. Note residual haziness (Lab).
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Contact granuloma (2 of 2)
Same patient, as vocal folds begin to come together for phonation, showing right fold fitting into the groove between the two lobes of the granuloma (Lab).
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Epidermoid cyst (1 of 2)
Right epidermoid cyst during breathing (Lab). Note whitish sphere not as prominent due to thicker overlying mucosa, vascularity and mucus, suggesting concurrent acid reflux.
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Epidermoid cyst (2 of 2)
Same patient, during phonation, showing mismatch. In addition, right side very stiff and non-vibratile (Lab).
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Glottic furrow (1 of 2)
Glottic furrow (vergeture), breathing vocal fold position, resembling a furrow in a recently-plowed field (Lab).
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Glottic furrow (2 of 2)
Same patient during phonation. Such patients may have a lot of bowing as a concomitant finding, but the two edges of the furrow are seen on each fold, at arrows (Lab).
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Vocal fold hemorrhage, nodules (1 of 2)
Diffuse resolving hemorrhage (bruise) right vocal fold and bilateral moderate nodular swellings. White material is mucus that goes away with throat clearing—suggesting acid reflux (Lab).
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Vocal fold hemorrhage, nodules (2 of 2)
Same patient in open, breathing position of folds.
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Hemorrhagic polyp (1 of 2)
Large hemorrhagic polyp right fold, with large polypoid nodule and vascularity, left fold, during breathing (Lab).
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Hemorrhagic polyp (2 of 2)
Same patient during phonation, showing now faint bruise anterior part of left-sided lesion (Lab).
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Subglottic stenosis, before treatment (1 of 2)
Subglottic and high tracheal stenosis, inflammatory, idiopathic (Lab).
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Subglottic stenosis, after treatment (2 of 2)
Same patient, a few days after dilation and steroid injection (Lab).
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Laryngitis sicca (1 of 2)
Laryngitis sicca, with crusting of dry, green mucus especially undersurface of the folds. Though a rare long-term complication, may be seen after laryngeal irradiation for cancer (Lab).
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Laryngitis sicca (2 of 2)
Same patient, from slightly higher view (Lab).
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Glottic sulcus, open (1 of 2)
Same patient, while instrument holds one lip of the sulcus, splaying it open to reveal the empty “pocket” (OR).
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Glottic sulcus, closed (2 of 2)
Faint line of glottic sulcus at arrow. Essentially the result of a cyst that has completely emptied of its contents (OR).
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Glottic cancer, laser removal (1 of 3)
Early right vocal fold carcinoma, operative view (OR).
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Glottic cancer, laser removal (2 of 3)
Same lesion, at the start of laser removal (OR).
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Glottic cancer, laser removal (3 of 3)
Same larynx, after removal is complete. With healing over the next several months, the deficit “fills in” and voice result is often surprisingly good (OR).